1 00:00:07,430 --> 00:00:05,190 i've been working 2 00:00:10,870 --> 00:00:07,440 remotely on the galapagos for the last 3 00:00:12,629 --> 00:00:10,880 25 years published a few papers 4 00:00:13,990 --> 00:00:12,639 had some wonderful collaborations with 5 00:00:16,390 --> 00:00:14,000 people 6 00:00:18,550 --> 00:00:16,400 but i've never been down there this year 7 00:00:19,990 --> 00:00:18,560 happens to coincide with the 200th 8 00:00:21,029 --> 00:00:20,000 anniversary of the birth of charles 9 00:00:23,509 --> 00:00:21,039 darwin 10 00:00:25,910 --> 00:00:23,519 it's also the 150th anniversary of the 11 00:00:27,990 --> 00:00:25,920 publication of the origin of species 12 00:00:30,390 --> 00:00:28,000 to celebrate that the charles darwin 13 00:00:32,389 --> 00:00:30,400 foundation is holding an international 14 00:00:34,790 --> 00:00:32,399 symposium they've invited me to come 15 00:00:37,430 --> 00:00:34,800 down i'm going to present a paper on 16 00:00:39,750 --> 00:00:37,440 my perspective of the galapagos over the 17 00:00:41,270 --> 00:00:39,760 last 25 years as a satellite 18 00:00:44,310 --> 00:00:41,280 oceanographer 19 00:00:47,190 --> 00:00:44,320 i wrote a proposal to nasa to study the 20 00:00:49,590 --> 00:00:47,200 ocean ocean color in particular eastern 21 00:00:50,470 --> 00:00:49,600 pacific using this new satellite that 22 00:00:53,270 --> 00:00:50,480 they had 23 00:00:57,590 --> 00:00:53,280 and that's where my research started 24 00:00:59,750 --> 00:00:57,600 just at that time in the 8283 period 25 00:01:01,029 --> 00:00:59,760 this was the biggest el nino of the 26 00:01:03,430 --> 00:01:01,039 century 27 00:01:05,509 --> 00:01:03,440 and here i am sitting on a data set that 28 00:01:08,469 --> 00:01:05,519 captured for the first time 29 00:01:10,550 --> 00:01:08,479 the impact on a very large scale of el 30 00:01:12,310 --> 00:01:10,560 nino 31 00:01:16,469 --> 00:01:12,320 having that perspective in space and 32 00:01:18,390 --> 00:01:16,479 watching this event develop over time 33 00:01:19,670 --> 00:01:18,400 revealed things that we'd never seen 34 00:01:21,510 --> 00:01:19,680 before 35 00:01:23,510 --> 00:01:21,520 so they've invited me to come down so 36 00:01:25,510 --> 00:01:23,520 i'm really excited about it 37 00:01:26,469 --> 00:01:25,520 of all the places in the world there's 38 00:01:28,390 --> 00:01:26,479 probably 39 00:01:30,789 --> 00:01:28,400 no place 40 00:01:32,710 --> 00:01:30,799 like the galapagos for a number of 41 00:01:34,230 --> 00:01:32,720 different reasons the volcanic islands 42 00:01:35,830 --> 00:01:34,240 in the middle of the ocean 43 00:01:37,990 --> 00:01:35,840 they're about a thousand kilometers to 44 00:01:40,710 --> 00:01:38,000 the west of south america 45 00:01:43,350 --> 00:01:40,720 and they sit right on the equator 46 00:01:46,069 --> 00:01:43,360 and because of that unique position 47 00:01:48,950 --> 00:01:46,079 they are influenced by some very very 48 00:01:50,389 --> 00:01:48,960 unique oceanographic conditions because 49 00:01:52,630 --> 00:01:50,399 of their isolation 50 00:01:55,030 --> 00:01:52,640 it's been a place where evolution could 51 00:01:56,870 --> 00:01:55,040 run rampant and very quickly 52 00:01:59,910 --> 00:01:56,880 it's the only place in the world where 53 00:02:00,789 --> 00:01:59,920 you'll find tropical subtropical 54 00:02:03,429 --> 00:02:00,799 and 55 00:02:05,429 --> 00:02:03,439 you know almost antarctic species 56 00:02:06,550 --> 00:02:05,439 because of the unique environment it's 57 00:02:08,630 --> 00:02:06,560 the only place where you'll find 58 00:02:10,630 --> 00:02:08,640 penguins and coral reefs 59 00:02:13,270 --> 00:02:10,640 in the same location 60 00:02:15,510 --> 00:02:13,280 darwin spent five weeks in the galapagos 61 00:02:16,790 --> 00:02:15,520 most people admit that if it had not 62 00:02:18,229 --> 00:02:16,800 been for those five weeks in the 63 00:02:19,670 --> 00:02:18,239 galapagos and the things that he had 64 00:02:21,670 --> 00:02:19,680 seen there 65 00:02:23,589 --> 00:02:21,680 that he probably would not have come up 66 00:02:27,750 --> 00:02:23,599 with the origin of species 67 00:02:34,229 --> 00:02:29,990 what he saw in the galapagos 68 00:02:40,790 --> 00:02:34,239 critically changed the way he viewed 69 00:02:40,800 --> 00:02:44,309 it's been a really strange 70 00:02:47,830 --> 00:02:45,670 realization that i'm actually going to 71 00:02:49,830 --> 00:02:47,840 finally get to go to the galapagos 72 00:02:51,750 --> 00:02:49,840 i feel like i know them but i know them 73 00:02:52,790 --> 00:02:51,760 from a distance so i don't know how i'm 74 00:02:55,509 --> 00:02:52,800 going to feel 75 00:02:57,670 --> 00:02:55,519 it's exciting it's a little scary 76 00:03:00,229 --> 00:02:57,680 because i think i know about the place 77 00:03:02,869 --> 00:03:00,239 but but maybe i really don't you know my 78 00:03:04,550 --> 00:03:02,879 perspective has been from 600 kilometers 79 00:03:05,990 --> 00:03:04,560 up in space 80 00:03:08,229 --> 00:03:06,000 but i'm going to get real up close and 81 00:03:10,630 --> 00:03:08,239 personal with lava fields and upwelling 82 00:03:13,190 --> 00:03:10,640 of the equatorial undercurrent and the 83 00:03:14,790 --> 00:03:13,200 winds and the waves and the tortoises 84 00:03:16,470 --> 00:03:14,800 and 85 00:03:22,390 --> 00:03:16,480 it's 86 00:03:23,670 --> 00:03:22,400 thought about for years and years and